人为什么会打鼾

因为伴侣打鼾而感到困扰的人都知道，打鼾就是人在睡眠中发出的有节律的“噪音”。医学研究认为，我们日常的发音就是在气流通过时，调动唇、舌、颊、颚部各部分肌群进行不同形状的排列组合发出的，当然打鼾也不例外。一般在睡眠状态下，我们的唇、舌、颊、颚部肌群都是处于相对静止的状态，以预留出一个固定的呼吸通道，保证呼吸的顺畅，而当咽部通道出现狭窄，气流通过时就会出现强烈震动，从而发出高亢而有节律的声音，也就是“打鼾”，可以说打鼾是一种放大版的呼吸音。

打鼾有什么危害

我们通常将打鼾分为生理性打鼾及病理性打鼾。

生理性打鼾一般情况下不出现，但在白天过于劳累或醉酒的情况下可发生，是由于气流通过鼻腔、口腔狭窄位置时，引起附近组织的震动所发出的声音。对于这种打鼾，我们一般认为无需过分担心，是由于局部生理结构暂时改变所引起，在影响因素消除后即可恢复正常，不会对健康造成太大的影响。

而病理性打鼾则常出现在肥胖、舌头较为肥大、咽喉部肌肉松弛、嗓子发炎患者的睡眠过程中。据调查研究表明，父母具有打鼾习惯的，其子女发生打鼾的几率是普通人群的三倍。

病理性打鼾是由于病理性因素造成上呼吸道（呼吸道/鼻咽部/颌部结构）的生理结构异常导致局部软组织的塌陷（或咽喉通道的狭窄），气流通过时发生震动或阻塞，从而造成的包括缺氧、继发高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停等一系列后续问题，有些人在睡眠过程中出现“憋醒”就是由于打鼾造成了睡眠过程中出现呼吸暂停的缘故。

这种打鼾不仅会对睡眠质量本身造成影响，同时，还会严重影响患者的日常生活，不少患者还会出现白天嗜睡、口干舌燥、记忆力下降、头痛、疲倦乏力、性格异常、性欲下降等表现，严重者将导致全身多系统疾病，出现肺动脉高压、心衰、心律紊乱，甚至猝死。

如何应对打鼾

流行病学调查研究显示，病理性打鼾在人群中的发病率高达19%，其中41~64岁男性约占60%，通过简单的计算，我们不难看出，受打鼾困扰的患者人群数量之庞大，而鼾症对健康的影响又是潜移默化，究竟应该怎么办呢？

对于不严重的患者，可以通过改善日常生活习惯减轻打鼾症状。首先，要养成良好的生活习惯，将 BMI（身体质量指数）维持在正常水平；戒烟限酒，健康饮食；规律作息，避免长期连续的熬夜；选择听音乐、阅读、社交、运动等方式疏解生活中、工作上的压力。其次，要选择较好的睡眠体位，一般建议选择侧卧的睡眠姿势，且以右侧卧位为最佳，床垫不宜太软，最好可以选择较硬的床垫，尽量避免枕较高的枕头。最后，就是养成较好的睡前习惯，避免醉酒入睡，可在睡前适量饮水润喉，保持呼吸道顺畅。

Why do people snore

Anyone who is bothered by their partner's snoring knows that snoring is the rhythmic "noise" a person makes during sleep. Medical research believes that our daily pronunciation is produced by mobilizing the muscles of the lips, tongue, cheeks, and jaws to arrange and combine different shapes when the airflow passes through. Of course, snoring is no exception. Generally, in the sleep state, our lips, tongue, cheeks, and jaw muscles are in a relatively static state to reserve a fixed breathing channel to ensure smooth breathing. When the pharyngeal channel is narrow, airflow When passing through, there will be strong vibrations, resulting in a high-pitched and rhythmic sound, which is "snoring". It can be said that snoring is an enlarged version of the breath sound.

What's the harm in snoring

We usually divide snoring into physiological snoring and pathological snoring.

Physiological snoring usually does not occur, but it can occur when you are overworked or drunk during the day. It is a sound produced by the vibration of nearby tissues when the airflow passes through the narrow position of the nasal cavity and oral cavity. For this kind of snoring, we generally think that there is no need to worry too much. It is caused by temporary changes in the local physiological structure, and it can return to normal after the influencing factors are eliminated, and it will not cause much impact on health.

Pathological snoring often occurs during sleep in patients with obesity, hypertrophy of the tongue, relaxation of throat muscles, and throat inflammation. According to research, parents with snoring habits are three times more likely to have children snoring than the general population.

Pathological snoring is caused by the abnormal physiological structure of the upper respiratory tract (airway/nasopharynx/jaw structure) caused by pathological factors, resulting in the collapse of local soft tissue (or the narrowing of the throat passage), and the vibration or obstruction of airflow through it, resulting in Including a series of follow-up problems such as hypoxia, secondary hypertension, and sleep apnea, some people's "wake up" during sleep is due to snoring caused by apnea during sleep.

This kind of snoring will not only affect the quality of sleep itself, but also seriously affect the daily life of patients. Many patients will also experience daytime sleepiness, dry mouth, memory loss, headache, fatigue, abnormal personality, and decreased libido In severe cases, it will lead to systemic multi-system diseases, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmia, and even sudden death.

How to deal with snoring

Epidemiological research shows that the incidence of pathological snoring in the population is as high as 19%, of which about 60% are males aged 41 to 64. Through simple calculations, it is not difficult to see that the number of patients suffering from snoring is huge. , and the impact of snoring on health is subtle, what should we do?

For less severe patients, snoring symptoms can be alleviated by improving daily habits. First of all, it is necessary to develop good living habits and maintain BMI (Body Mass Index) at a normal level; quit smoking and limit alcohol, eat healthy; work and rest regularly, avoid staying up late for a long time; choose listening to music, reading, socializing, exercise and other ways to relax stress in life and work. Secondly, to choose a better sleeping position, it is generally recommended to choose a sleeping position on the side, and the right side is the best, the mattress should not be too soft, it is best to choose a harder mattress, try to avoid high pillows pillow. Finally, it is to develop a good habit before going to bed to avoid falling asleep drunk, and drink an appropriate amount of water before going to bed to moisten the throat to keep the airway smooth.